Ịgbado ọkụ ugbu a, voltaji na ịgbado ọkụ ọsọ bụ isi ike paramita na-ekpebi weld size.
1. Welding ugbu a
Mgbe ịgbado ọkụ ugbu a na-abawanye (ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ na-anọgide na-agbanweghị), na penetration omimi na residual elu nke weld abawanye, na agbaze obosara adịghị agbanwe ọtụtụ (ma ọ bụ ubé na-abawanye).Nke a bụ n'ihi na:
(1) Mgbe mmụba dị ugbu a, ike arc na ntinye ọkụ na workpiece na-abawanye, ọnọdụ nke isi iyi ọkụ na-agbada, na omimi ntinye na-abawanye.Omimi ntinye ya fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nha nha nke ugbu a.
(2) Mgbe nke ugbu a na-abawanye, na-agbaze ego nke ịgbado ọkụ waya na-abawanye fọrọ nke nta proportionally, na ihe fọdụrụ ịdị elu na-abawanye n'ihi na agbaze obosara fọrọ nke nta ka agbanwebeghị.
(3) Mgbe nke ugbu a na-abawanye, dayameta nke arc kọlụm na-abawanye, ma omimi nke arc submersible n'ime workpiece na-abawanye, na ije nso nke arc ntụpọ na-ejedebeghị, ya mere agbaze obosara fọrọ nke nta ka agbanwebeghị.
2. Arc voltaji
Mgbe arc voltaji na-abawanye, ike arc na-abawanye, ntinye ọkụ nke workpiece na-abawanye, na ogologo arc na-agbatị ogologo oge na nkesa nkesa na-abawanye, ya mere omimi ntinye na-ebelata ntakịrị na obosara agbaze na-abawanye.Ogo fọdụrụnụ na-ebelata, n'ihi na obosara agbaze na-abawanye, mana ọnụọgụ agbaze nke waya ịgbado ọkụ na-ebelata ntakịrị.
3. Welding ọsọ
Mgbe ịgbado ọkụ ọsọ na-abawanye, ike na-ebelata, na penetration omimi na penetration obosara ibelata.The fọdụrụ ndụ elu na-ebelata, n'ihi na ego nke deposition nke waya metal na weld kwa unit ogologo bụ inversely hà nhata na ịgbado ọkụ ọsọ, na agbaze obosara bụ inversely hà nhata na square nke ịgbado ọkụ ọsọ.
ebe U na-anọchi anya voltaji ịgbado ọkụ, m bụ ịgbado ọkụ ugbu a, nke ugbu a na-emetụta omimi penetration, voltaji na-emetụta obosara agbaze, ugbu a bara uru iji gbaa ọkụ na-enweghị ọkụ, voltaji bara uru na spatter kacha nta, abụọ na-edozi otu. n'ime ha, gbanwee ọzọ oke nwere ike weld size nke ugbu a nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ịgbado ọkụ àgwà na ịgbado ọkụ arụpụtaghị ihe.
The ịgbado ọkụ ugbu a tumadi na-emetụta size nke penetration.Ihe dị ugbu a dị ntakịrị, arc adịghị eguzosi ike, omimi ntinye dị ntakịrị, ọ dị mfe ime ka ntụpọ dị ka ntinye na-enweghị isi na ntinye slag, na mmepụta ya dị ala;Ọ bụrụ na nke ugbu a dị oke ibu, weld na-enwekarị ntụpọ dị ka undercut na ọkụ-site na, ma n'otu oge ahụ na-akpata spatter.
Ya mere, a ghaghị ịhọrọ ịgbado ọkụ ugbu a n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị, a pụkwara ịhọrọ ya n'ozuzu ya dị ka usoro ihe omimi dị ka dayameta nke electrode si dị, wee gbanwee nke ọma dịka ọnọdụ weld, ụdị nkwonkwo, ọkwa ịgbado ọkụ, welding ọkpụrụkpụ, wdg.
A na-ekpebi voltaji arc site na ogologo arc, ogologo arc dị ogologo, na voltaji arc dị elu;Ọ bụrụ na arc dị mkpụmkpụ, voltaji arc dị ala.Ogo nke voltaji arc na-emetụta obosara agbaze nke weld.
Arc ahụ ekwesịghị ịdị ogologo oge n'oge usoro ịgbado ọkụ, ma ọ bụghị ya, ọkụ ọkụ na-esighi ike, na-amụba spatter nke ígwè ahụ, ọ ga-emekwa ka porosity dị na weld n'ihi mbuso agha nke ikuku.Ya mere, mgbe ịgbado ọkụ, gbalịsie ike iji obere arcs, na n'ozuzu chọrọ na arc ogologo adịghị gafere dayameta nke electrode.
The size nke ịgbado ọkụ ọsọ bụ kpọmkwem metụtara arụpụtaghị ihe nke ịgbado ọkụ.Iji nweta oke ịgbado ọkụ ọsọ, a ga-eji a ibu electrode dayameta na ịgbado ọkụ ugbu a n'okpuru premise nke n'ịhụ àgwà, na ịgbado ọkụ ọsọ kwesịrị kwesịrị ekwesị gbanwee dị ka kpọmkwem ọnọdụ iji hụ na elu na obosara nke weld bụ. na-agbanwe agbanwe dị ka o kwere mee.
1. Short circuit mgbanwe ịgbado ọkụ
The short-circuit mgbanwe na CO2 arc ịgbado ọkụ bụ nke kasị n'ọtụtụ ebe, na-eji maka mkpa efere na zuru-ọkwa ịgbado ọkụ, na nkọwapụta kwa bụ arc voltaji ịgbado ọkụ ugbu a, ịgbado ọkụ ọsọ, ịgbado ọkụ sekit inductance, gas eruba na ịgbado ọkụ waya ndọtị ogologo. .
(1) Arc voltaji na ịgbado ọkụ ugbu a, maka ụfọdụ ịgbado ọkụ waya dayameta na ịgbado ọkụ ugbu a (ya bụ, waya nri ọsọ), ga-dakọtara kwesịrị ekwesị arc voltaji iji nweta a kwụsiri ike mkpụmkpụ sekit mgbanwe usoro, n'oge a spatter bụ. kacha nta.
(2) Inductance sekit ịgbado ọkụ, isi ọrụ nke inductance:
a.Gbanwee uto nke mkpụmkpụ-circuit dị ugbu a di/dt, di/dt dị ntakịrị iji mee ka ihe ndị buru ibu gbasaa ruo mgbe akụkụ buru ibu nke waya ịgbado ọkụ gbawara wee kpochapụ arc, na di / dt dị oke oke iji mepụta a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke obere akụkụ nke spatter metal.
b.Gbanwee oge ọkụ arc ma jikwaa ntinye nke metal ntọala.
c .Welding ọsọ.Oke ịgbado ọkụ ọsọ ga-eme ka ịfụ n'ọnụ na abụọ nke weld, ma ọ bụrụ na ịgbado ọkụ ọsọ bụ oke ngwa ngwa, ntụpọ dị ka ọkụ-site na keadighi rarii weld Ọdịdị ga-adị mfe ime.
d .The gas eruba na-adabere na ihe ndị dị ka nkwonkwo ụdị efere ọkpụrụkpụ, welding nkọwa na ọrụ ọnọdụ.N'ozuzu, gas eruba ọnụego bụ 5-15 L / min mgbe ịgbado ọkụ ezi waya, na 20-25 L / min mgbe ịgbado ọkụ oké waya.
e.Mgbatị waya.Ogologo mgbatị waya kwesịrị ekwesị kwesịrị ịbụ 10-20 ugboro dayameta nke waya ịgbado ọkụ.N'oge usoro ịgbado ọkụ, gbalịa idobe ya na nso nke 10-20mm, ogologo ndọtị na-abawanye, ịgbado ọkụ ugbu a na-ebelata, ntinye nke isi metal na-ebelata, na nke ọzọ, mmụba dị ugbu a na ntinye na-abawanye.Ka ukwuu na resistivity nke ịgbado ọkụ waya, ka doro anya mmetụta a bụ.
f.Ike ọkọnọ polarity.CO2 arc ịgbado ọkụ n'ozuzu na-anabata DC reverse polarity, obere spatter, arc stable base metal penetration bụ nnukwu, ezigbo ịkpụzi, na hydrogen ọdịnaya nke weld metal dị ala.
2. Ntugharị dị mma-mmaghachị.
(1) Na CO2 gas, maka ụfọdụ dayameta nke ịgbado ọkụ waya, mgbe ugbu a na-abawanye na a ụfọdụ uru na-esonyere a elu arc mgbali, a wụrụ awụ metal nke ịgbado ọkụ waya ga-free n'efu n'ime ọdọ mmiri wụrụ awụ na obere irighiri, na ụdị mgbanwe a bụ ezigbo mgbanwe urughuru.
N'oge mgbanwe nke ezi ahụ, arc penetration siri ike, na isi metal nwere nnukwu penetration omimi, nke kwesịrị ekwesị maka ọkara na oké efere ịgbado ọkụ Ọdịdị.A na-ejikwa usoro ntụgharị DC maka ịgbado ọkụ ngbanwe dị mma.
(2) Ka nke ugbu a na-abawanye, arc voltaji ga-amụba, ma ọ bụghị na arc nwere a na-asacha mmetụta na a wụrụ awụ ọla metal, na weld na-akpụ deteriorates, na kwesịrị ekwesị abawanye na arc voltaji nwere ike izere nke a onu.Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na voltaji arc dị oke elu, nkwụsị ahụ ga-abawanye nke ọma, na n'okpuru otu ugbu a, voltaji arc na-ebelata ka dayameta nke eriri ịgbado ọkụ na-abawanye.
Enwere nnukwu ihe dị iche n'etiti mgbanwe mmachi nke CO2 na mgbanwe jet na ịgbado ọkụ TIG.Ntugharị jet na TIG ịgbado ọkụ bụ axial, mgbe mma urughuru mgbanwe na CO2 bụ na-abụghị axial na a ka nwere ụfọdụ metal spatter.Na mgbakwunye, ókèala mgbanwe jet dị ugbu a na ịgbado ọkụ argon arc nwere njirimara mgbanwe doro anya.(karịsịa welded igwe anaghị agba nchara na ferrous ọla), ebe ezi-grained mgbanwe adịghị.
3. Ihe na-eme iji belata nchara ígwè
(1) Nhọrọ ziri ezi nke usoro paramita, ịgbado ọkụ arc voltaji: N'ihi na onye ọ bụla dayameta nke ịgbado ọkụ waya na arc, e nwere ụfọdụ iwu n'etiti spatter ọnụego na ịgbado ọkụ ugbu a.Na obere mpaghara dị ugbu a, obere okirikiri
ntughari ntughari dị ntakịrị, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nfesa n'ime nnukwu mpaghara dị ugbu a (mpaghara ngbanwe dị mma) dịkwa obere.
(2) Nkuku ọkụ ịgbado ọkụ: ọkụ ịgbado ọkụ nwere obere spatter mgbe ọ kwụ ọtọ, ma ka akụkụ ihu ya buru ibu, ka ọ na-agbasawanye.Ọ kacha mma ịkwanye egbe ịgbado ọkụ n'ihu ma ọ bụ azụ ọ bụghị ihe karịrị ogo iri abụọ.
(3) Ogologo eriri ịgbado ọkụ: Ogologo ogologo nke ịgbado ọkụ na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na spatter, ogologo oge ịgbado ọkụ na-abawanye site na 20 ruo 30mm, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke spatter na-abawanye site na 5%, ya mere mgbatị ahụ. ogologo kwesịrị mkpụmkpụ dị ka o kwere mee.
4. Ụdị gas mkpuchi dị iche iche nwere ụzọ ịgbado ọkụ dị iche iche.
(1) Usoro ịgbado ọkụ na-eji CO2 gas dị ka ihe nchebe gas bụ CO2 arc ịgbado ọkụ.Ekwesịrị itinye ihe ọkụ ọkụ na ikuku.N'ihi na mmiri mmiri CO2 na-amịkọrọ nnukwu ike ọkụ n'oge gasification na-aga n'ihu, mmụba olu nke gas mgbe ịda mbà n'obi site na nrụgide nrụgide ga-ebelata okpomọkụ gas, iji gbochie mmiri dị na CO2 gas ka ọ ghara ịnwụ na njedebe cylinder na nrụgide na-ebelata valvụ ma gbochie ụzọ gas, ya mere, CO2 gas na-ekpo ọkụ site na preheater n'etiti oghere cylinder na mbelata nrụgide.
(2) Usoro ịgbado ọkụ nke CO2 + Ar gas dị ka ikpuchi gas MAG ịgbado ọkụ usoro a na-akpọ anụ ahụ gas nchebe.Usoro ịgbado ọkụ a dabara adaba maka ịgbado ọkụ igwe anaghị agba nchara.
(3) Ar dị ka usoro ịgbado ọkụ MIG maka ịgbado ọkụ gas na-echebe, usoro ịgbado ọkụ a dabara adaba maka ịgbado ọkụ na aluminum na aluminom alloy.
Oge nzipu: Mee-23-2023