Igwe carbon dị elu na-ezo aka na carbon steel na w (C) dị elu karịa 0.6%, nke nwere ọchịchọ siri ike karịa nchara carbon-carbon, ma mepụta martensite dị elu nke carbon, nke na-enwe mmetụta nke ọma maka nguzobe oyi.N'otu oge ahụ, ihe owuwu martensite nke e guzobere na mpaghara ikpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nke ịgbado ọkụ na-esi ike ma na-agbaji, nke na-eduga n'ịbelata nke ukwuu na plasticity na ike nke nkwonkwo.Ya mere, weldability nke nnukwu carbon ígwè dị nnọọ njọ, na a ga-anakwere usoro ịgbado ọkụ pụrụ iche iji hụ na arụmọrụ nke nkwonkwo..Ya mere, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ụdị welded.A na-ejikarị ígwè carbon dị elu eme ihe maka akụkụ igwe nke chọrọ ike siri ike ma na-eyi nguzogide, dị ka osisi, nnukwu gia na njikọ.Iji chekwaa ígwè ma mee ka nkà na ụzụ nhazi dị mfe, a na-ejikọta akụkụ igwe ndị a na nhazi welded.Welding nke elu carbon ígwè components na-ezute na arọ igwe ụlọ.Mgbe ị na-emepụta usoro ịgbado ọkụ nke nnukwu carbon ígwè welding, ụdị ọ bụla nke nrụrụ ịgbado ọkụ nke nwere ike ime ga-enyocha nke ọma, na usoro ịgbado ọkụ kwekọrọ ekwekọ.
1. Weldability nke elu carbon ígwè
1.1 Usoro ịgbado ọkụ
A na-ejikarị ígwè carbon dị elu eme ihe na ụlọ ndị nwere isi ike na nguzogide dị elu, yabụ ụzọ ịgbado ọkụ bụ isi ịgbado ọkụ electrode arc, brazing na submerged arc ịgbado ọkụ.
1.2 Ihe ịgbado ọkụ
Welding nke elu carbon ígwè n'ozuzu anaghị achọ otu ike n'etiti nkwonkwo na isi metal.Eletrọd-hydrogen dị ala nke nwere ikike desulfurization siri ike, ọdịnaya hydrogen dị ala nke nwere ike ịchekwa ọla, yana ike siri ike ka a na-ahọrọkarị maka ịgbado ọkụ electrode arc.Mgbe ike nke weld metal na isi metal chọrọ, a ga-ahọrọ obere-hydrogen electrode nke kwekọrọ ekwekọ larịị;mgbe ike nke weld metal na isi metal adịghị mkpa, a obere-hydrogen electrode na ike larịị karịa nke isi metal kwesịrị họrọ.Enweghị ike ịhọrọ electrode nwere ọkwa ike dị elu karịa metal ntọala.Ọ bụrụ na a naghị ekwe ka ihe mgbakwasị ụkwụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge ịgbado ọkụ, iji gbochie oyi na-atụ na mpaghara okpomọkụ, austenitic igwe anaghị agba nchara electrodes nwere ike iji nweta ihe owuwu austenite na ezigbo plasticity na ike mgbape na-eguzogide.
1.3 Nkwadebe Groove
Iji kpachie ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke carbon na weld metal, a ga-ebelata nha nke njikọta, ya mere, a na-ejikarị oghere U-shaped ma ọ bụ V mee ihe n'oge ịgbado ọkụ, ma kpachara anya iji hichaa oghere na ntụpọ mmanụ na mmanụ. nchara n'ime 20mm n'akụkụ abụọ nke uzo.
1.4 Na-ekpo ọkụ
Mgbe ị na-eji electrodes ígwè arụ ọrụ na-agbado ya, a ga-ebu ụzọ kpoo ya tupu ịgbado ọkụ, na a ga-achịkwa okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na 250 ° C ruo 350 ° C.
1.5 Nhazi interlayer
Maka ịgbado ọkụ multi-layer multi-pass, ngafe nke mbụ na-eji obere elektrọd dayameta na ịgbado ọkụ dị ala ugbu a.N'ozuzu, workpiece na-enịm ke ọkara vetikal ịgbado ọkụ ma ọ bụ ịgbado ọkụ mkpara na-eji siwing mpụta, nke mere na dum okpomọkụ-emetụta mpaghara nke isi metal na-ewe iwe na obere oge iji nweta preheating na okpomọkụ ichebe mmetụta.
1.6 Ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke weld
Ozugbo ịgbado ọkụ, a na-etinye workpiece n'ime ọkụ ọkụ, a na-echekwa okpomọkụ na 650 Celsius C maka mgbakasị ahụ.
2. Welding ntụpọ nke elu carbon ígwè na mgbochi mgbochi
N'ihi ịdị elu siri ike nke ígwè carbon dị elu, mgbawa ọkụ na oyi na-atụ na-adịkarị n'oge ịgbado ọkụ.
2.1 Usoro mgbochi maka mgbawa ọkụ
1) Jikwaa kemịkalụ kemịkalụ nke weld, na-achịkwa ọdịnaya nke sọlfọ na phosphorus, ma na-abawanye ọdịnaya manganese nke ọma iji meziwanye usoro weld wee belata nkewa.
2) Jikwaa n'okirikiri udi nke weld, na obosara-na-omimi ruru kwesịrị ịbụ ubé ibu iji zere nkewa na etiti weld.
3) N'ihi na welds na elu rigidity, kwesịrị ekwesị ịgbado ọkụ parameters, kwesịrị ekwesị ịgbado ọkụ usoro na ntụziaka kwesịrị họrọ.
4) Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, were preheating na ngwa ngwa nke jụrụ oyi iji gbochie omume nke thermal cracks.
5) Mụbaa alkalinity nke electrode ma ọ bụ flux iji belata adịghị ọcha dị na weld ma melite ogo nkewa.
2.2 Usoro mgbochi maka mgbawa oyi.
1) Preheating tupu ịgbado ọkụ na ngwa ngwa jụrụ mgbe ịgbado ọkụ nwere ike ọ bụghị nanị ibelata ike na brittleness nke okpomọkụ-emetụta mpaghara, ma mee ngwangwa mpụta mgbasa nke hydrogen na weld.
2) Họrọ usoro ịgbado ọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị.
3) Nabata mgbakọ kwesịrị ekwesị na usoro ịgbado ọkụ iji belata nrụgide mgbochi nke nkwonkwo welded ma melite ọnọdụ nrụgide nke welding.
3 .Nkwubi okwu
N'ihi nnukwu carbon ọdịnaya, elu hardenability na adịghị mma weldability nke elu carbon ígwè, ọ dị mfe imepụta elu carbon martensitic Ọdịdị n'oge ịgbado ọkụ, na ọ dị mfe na-emepụta ịgbado ọkụ cracks.Ya mere, mgbe ịgbado ọkụ carbon ígwè dị elu, usoro ịgbado ọkụ kwesịrị ezi uche họrọ.Ma were usoro ndị kwekọrọ na oge iji belata ihe omume ịgbado ọkụ ma melite arụmọrụ nke nkwonkwo welded.
Oge nzipu: Jul-18-2023